Hair-curling machine



Feb, 14, 1928. 1,658,813

- G. W. MUDD HAIR CURLING MACHINE Filed Dec. 5. 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet l mm QM, Nn Om QN WIN QNI o K ox o 0 wk K l Q @N A. mm Kw Feb. 14, 1928.

G. W/MUDD HAIR CURLING MACHINE Filed Dec. 5. 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 G. W. MUDD HAIR CURLING MACHINE Feb. 14, 1928;

Filed Dec. 5. 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Feb. 14, 1928.

UNITELH STATES PATENT @FFlChl.

GARRETT W. MUDD, 0115 CHICAGO, ILLENOIES, ASSIGNOR TO BERNARD HOBWIGI'I, OF

CHICAGO,

ILLINOIS.

HAIR-(STIRLING MACHINE.

Application filed December 3, 1926.

(his invention relates to improvements in curling machines particularly adapted, though not necessarily limited in its use, for curling hair to give the hair a springy effect when used for stalling purposes, and one ot the objects of the invention is to provide an improved machine of this character which will be continuous in action so long as the hair is being fed to the machine.

A further object is to provide an improved machine of this character embodying means wherebythe individual hairs or strands will be positioned lengthwise with respectto each other so to li'ect a proper l5 twisting action.

A further object is to provide an. im" proved machine of this character which will be of a comparatively simple durable and compact construction and which will be eit- TiGCtlVG and eiiicient in operation.

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5 Figure 7 is a To the attainment of these ends and the accomplishment of other new and useful objects as will appear, the invention consists in the features oi novelty in substantially the construction, combination and arrangement of the several parts hereinafter more fully described and claimed and shown in the accompanying drawings illustrating this invention and in which Figure 1 is a diagrammatic View of a machine of this character constructed in accordance with the principles of this invention.

Figure 2 is an enlarged detail View part- -ly in diagram and partly in section and with parts omitted.

Figure 8 is an enlarged detail. sectional view taken on line 33, Figure 2.

Figure l is an enlarged detail View partly in elevation and partly broken away of a portion of one of the twisters.

Figure 5 is a top plan View oil Figure (3.

Figure 6 a side elevation ol Figure 5, partly broken away and partly in section.

left hand and elevation oil:

Figure 8.

Figure 8 a side elevation of Figure 7, showing another one of the twistersh Figure 9 is a horizontal sectional view taken on line 99, Figure 8,

l igure 10 is a detail perspective view 0* a quantity of hair twisted in accordance with the principles of this invention.

leterring more particularly to the drawinos the numeral. desi nates an endless Serial No. 152.253.

:teeding mechanism for leedingthe hair or material to be twisted between two toothed rolls 16, and which rollers are adapted to be rotated by means of a pulley 17, hav mg a gear 18 connected thereto, and which gear in turn meshes with a gear 19, the gears 18 and 19 being connected with the rollers 16.

The material is delivered from the roller 16 into a casing 20 in which is rotatably mounted a rotor or fan like device 21, hav ing teeth or projections 22 extending from the ends of the wings thereo'l which engage the hair or material as it is delivered from the rollers and assists in drawing the a material into the casing 20 as well as in disintegrating the same and feeding it forwardly throughout the outlet 28 of the eas- 111g.

The shaft- 2 1 of the element 21 is connected by means of a belt 25with the pulley 16, and the shaft 24. in turn is rotated by means of: a belt 26 which passes over a pul- I ley 27 and also a pulley 28, the former re celving its rotary motion from any suitable 5 source of power (not shown).

Leading from the casing 20 is a pipe or chute 29 through which the material is forced by the blast created by the rotary element 21; i from the pipe 29 between adjacent runs 3081 of endless flexible, members which respectively pass over co-operating pulleys 3233 and are arranged in close proximity to each other so as to form hopper or space for the accumulation of the material 3%. Transparent members 35 may be provided to close the space formed by the adjacent runs of the endless members 30-31.

Disposed below the endless members 30-31 are additional endless flexible members 36-37 which incline downwardly and inwardly towards each other so that the space between the adjacent runs 01 the endless elements 3637 will be in alinement with the space between the adjacent runs of the endless elements 30-31.

As the material 3% accumulates between the endless conveyors 30-31, the motion of these endless members will feed the material into the space between the endless elements 36-37, and as the space between the latter is gradually contracted the material will be compressed to a certain extent and will be fed into another casing 38 The material is discharged llll ill

lVithin the casing 38 is arranged a rotary member 39 provided with prongs or fingers it) on the ends of the blades thereof and this element 39 serves as a conveyor for driving the material from the using; 38 through a discharge outlet -11. The element 39 oper ates in the form of a blower to blow the 1na lerial with considerable force throiiigh the outlet -11 and. the projection or lingers l0 assists in pulling the material from between the elements ERG-37 into the casing 38 through an inlet opening42.

Motion is imparted to these parts by means of a belt a3 which passes over the pulley 27 and thence over a pulley ist connected with a shaft of the rotary element :15), and the endless flexible elements 3 )--P-l1. l ther with. the endless flexible elements ib-23? are rotated by means of a near 4.6 connected with one of the riulleys which meshes with a gear ii. the latter in turn meshing with a gear 48, and this @0211 i8 meshes with a gear 49 carried by the adjacent pullej 33.

The endless flexible elements 36-37 respectively pass over pulleys 50-5l which are connected with the gears 46 and 49.

From the casing 41 the hair is blown into a twister embodying a body portion 52 having tubular trunnions {SS--54 which are respectively mounted in suitable bearings 5556. The trunnion 53 is arranged in alinement with the discharge outlet ll of the casing 38 and may be of any desired length. Journaled to the head 52 of the twister. and which head preferably embodies spaced members, is a. drum like device 57., the periphery of which is preferably formed by a plurality of spaced pins or members 58 extending transversely thereof, and the drum thus formed is rotatably mounted upon an axis 59. The drum is so located that the pins or members 58 will be disposed in the path of movement of the mar terial as it is being directed through the trunnion 53 so that the material will strike these pins or members 58 and will be direeted between the pins and one of the runs 60 of an endless flexible member which passes over pulleys G1-62 arranged diametrically opposite to each other adjacent the periphery of the drum and also over a pulley 63, all of the pulleys being: arranged between the spaced members 52 of the head. The adjacent run of the endless flexible member 60 contacts with the pins or members 58 so that when the material is blown or delivered therebetween. and motion is imparted to the endless flexible member (30 the drum 58 will be rotated by the friction created therebetween. the hair being gripped between the drum and the endless flexible member.

Connected with the pulley 62 is a gear wheel 64 which meshes with a gear wheel 65 which in turn is connected with a: shaft 66 to whichv is connected a gear wheel (57. The gear wheel (37 meshes with-another gear 68 which is loosely mounted upon the trunnion and connected with the near (38 to rotate therewith a sprocket wheel (59 over which a s 'iroclcet chain 70 passes. This chain 70 also passes over another sprocket wheel secured to a shaft 71, the shaft 71 being mounted suitable bearings.

The shaft 71 is rotated by means of a gear 2 carried thereby which meshes with a gear 73 carrying a pulley 74, over which an endless flexible driving element 75 passes. This element 75 also passes over a pulley 76 with which the gear -16 connected. A pulley 77 is also connected with the gear 7- and an endless flexible driving element 78 passes over this pulley 7? and also over another pulley 79 connected with a shaft 80 to which the pulley 27 is secured.

Thus it will be seen that all of these parts will. receive motion from the source of 'iower which is connected with the pulley 2T.

W'hen the shaft 71 is rotated the gear 8 will be rotated and this will in turn rotate the gears (ill-Gil and also the pulley 6:2 to impart motion to the endless flexible member 60 to rotate the drum 57.

A pulley 81 cooperates with the pulrr 62 for assisting in delivering the material from between the drum 57 and the endless flexible member 60 into the trunnion it This pulley 81 is journaled in an adjustable bearing 82, and a. spring 83 is provided which tends normally to hold the peri ihery of the pulley 81 in contact with the pcriph' cry of the pulley (32 or the material which passes between these pulleys. with the re ult thatthe pulley 81 will assist in delivering the material into the trunnion 54.

If desired a counterhalaneingweight (it may be provided for counterhalam'inc' the twister head.

The twister head is also adapted in be given a rotary motion upon the trunaiom 5354. and to that end there is provided a sprocket wheel 85 which is connected with the trunnion 54 for rotation therewith. A sprocket chain 86 passes over the sprocket wheel 85 and also over another sprocket wheel secured to the shaft Tl. so that when the shaft 71. is related the twister will also be rotated in the bearings 5.1 m.

The sprocketchain 70 is adapted to impa t a faster speed of rotation to the b-'l)l! l'l-.'- et ()9 than the s 'iroclrcl chain till will impart to the axial rotation of the twister. That is to say the sprocket (it) will rotate at a greater rate of speed than the snro lcet 85 so that as the hair is helm: fed through the twister by the endless flexible member 60 and the drum 5?. the twister will be rotating upon its axis formed by the trunnions 53*54: in the bearings 55 and this will. im-

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part a twisting to the hair as it is ted through the twister.

A second twisting mechanism designated generally by the reference numeral 87 is provided for receiving the partially twisted hair from the trunnion Sal. This second twister embodies a tubular member 88 journaled in a suitable bearing 89 to extend theretl'irough. Journaled at one end of the tubular menr ber 88 are spaced pulleys or feeding wheels 9091 which are rotated by means of inter-meshing gears 92 93 connected respectively with the rollers and. on one side ot the tubular member 88. Connected with the aXis of the roller 91. and on the other side thereof is a gear 94 which in turn meshes with a gear 95 that is carried by a gear 90. This gear 96 meshes with a gear 07, which is mounted loosely upon the tubular member 88. A sprocket wheel 98 is connected with the gear 97 and this syn'oclrot wheel and gear rotate loosely about the tubular member 88. An endless flexible driving member 99 passes over the sprocket 98 and also over another sprocket on the shaft 71.

It will therefore be seen that when the shaft 71 is rotated the rollers 9091 will be rotated so as to grip the material which is being delivered from the twister 52 through the trunnion 54 and feed the same into the twister 87. the bite of the rollers 90-91 being in alinement with the trunnion 54.

A sprocket 100 is secured to the tubular member 88 for rotationtherewith and an endless flexible driving member 101 passes over the sprocket 100 and also over another sprocket on the shaft 71.

The sprocket- 100 and the sprocket chain 10l impart a slower speed of rotation to the tubular member 88 than the sprocket 98 and chain 99 will impart to the gear 97, so as to effect a further twisting of the material.

The twister designated generally by the reference numeral rotates at a taster rate of speed than the twister designated generally by the reference numeral 8'4", and one ot the twisters is located in advance 0t and spaced from the other in the line ot travel (it the product. This arrangement is particularly advantageous because the material will be partially twisted as at A. Figure 10, while passing through the twister 52 and between the twisters 52 and 87. As the partially twisted material passes through the twister 87 and between this latter and onto the drum. 102 it. will be givena "further twisting or a curling so as to produce a tight curl as shown at B in Figure 10. That is to say, the material is twisted between the twisters 52 and 87 and will be twisted as tight as possible without causing the twister portion to curl upon itself as re tiresented at A in Figure 10, and the twisted portion will then be further twisted between the twister 87 and the drum 102 to produce the result as shown at B in Figure 10.

A drum 102 is rotatably supported adjacont the delivery end of the tubular member 88 and is driven preferably by an endless belt 103 which passes over a pulley 101: on the shaft 71 and also over a pulley 105 on the drum 102.

The material 106 as it emerges from the tubular member 88 is connected by one end to the drum 102 and as the drum is held against rotation in any direction except about its axis, it will be manifestthat the end of the-finished material will be anchored to the drum, and as the twisters will twist the material with respect to thedrum the linished product will be closely twisted as shown in l igure 10.

By the provision oi? the endless flexible member 00 and the drum 5? arranged in the manner as shown and by blowing the hair or material from the casing 38 into the train nion 53 so that it will strike the pins 58, the strands of hair will be presented to the drum and flexible element substantially parallel or lengthwise of each other as well as lengthwise ot the finished product so that they will be in aproper position to be twisted and the ends will be twisted into the final product.

While the preferred form of the invention has been herein shown and described, it is to be understood that various changes may be made in the details ot' construction and in the combination and arrangement of the several parts, within the scope of the claims, without departing from the spirit of this invention.

lVhat is claimed as new is 1; A machine for curling hair embodying a chamber for receiving the hair, means "tor delivering the hair to said chamber, a twister, a blower casing intermediate said chamber and twister for receiving the hair from the chamber and for blowing it into the said twister, said twister embodying means for :teeding and means for twisting the hair, and means for actuating the said feeding means at a speed with respect to the speed of rotation of the said twisting means to produce the desired twist in the material.

2. A machine for curling hair embodying a chamber for receiving the hair, two of the opposite walls of the chamber being formed by traveling elements, means tor delivering the hair to said chamber, a twister, a blower casing intermediate said chamber and twister for receiving the hair from the chamber and for blowing it into the said twister, said twister embodying means for teeding and means for twisting the hair, and means for actuating the last recited means.

A machine tor twisting hair embodying endless flexible traveling elements, the adjacent r ms ot said, elements being spaced ill! to form a chamber, end members for the chamber, means for delivering-the hair; into said chamber, a twister, a, blower for receiving the hair from said chamber and blowing the same into the said twister, and means for actuating the said twister.

l. A machine for twisting hair embodying endless flexible traveling elements, the adjucent runs of said elements being spaced to form. a chan'lber, end i 1 1embers for the chamber, means for delivering the hair into said chamber, a twister, a blower for receiving the hair *l'romsaid chamber and blowing the same into the said twister, a pair of endless flexible conveyors disposed between the blower and the lirst said endless elements :uulbetween which conveyors the hair is directed from the chamber, the adjacent runs of the said. conveyors being inclined to each other to compress the material, and n'ieans 'ior actuating the said twister.

A machine :l or twisting hair embodying a twister, said twister cml'iodying a tubular body portion through which the hair passes, feeding rollers for advancing the hair therethrough, meanspt'or axially rotating the roll ers with respect to said body portion, means for axially rotating. said body to rotate the rollers on axes transverse to their individual axes of rotation, and means for rotating the said rollers about their axes with respect to the said body portion.

(if. A machine for twisting hair en lbodying a twister, said twister embodying a rotatable body portion, a drum like structure mounted upon the body for rotation about an axis transverse to the axis of rotation of the said body, an endless flexible element, one of the runs of said element being disposed in close proximity to and extending about said drum, means for imparting a traveling movement to said element, means for directing the hair between the periphery of the drum and the adjacent end of said element, and means. for axially rotating said body portion.

7. A machine for twisting hair embodying a twister, said twister embodying a retatable body portion, a drum like structure mounted upon the body for rotation about an axis transverse to the axis of rotation of the said body, an endless flexible element, one of the runs of said element being disposed in close proximity to and extending about said drum, means for imparting a traveling movement to said element, means for directing the hair between the periphery of the drum and the adjacent end of said element, ainl means tor axially rotating said body portion, one of the runs of the said endless elcment operating to rotate the drum with respect to the said body portion.

8. A machine for twistinghair embodying a twister, said twister embodying a rotatable body portion, a drum like structure mounted upon the. body for rotation about an axis transverse to the axis of rotation of the said body, an endless flexible element, one of the runs of said element being disposed in close proximity to, and extending about said drum, means for imparting a traveling movement to said element, means for directing the hair between the peripherv of the drum and the adjacent end of said element, and means for axially rotating said body portion, the relative rotation of the said body portion and the, speed of operation of said endless element and of the said drum being such as to produce the desired twist in the material.

I). A machine for twisting hair embodying a twister, said twister embodying a body portion rotatable on an, axis extending lengthwise, of the line of travel oi? the material through the twister. a drum like dcvice mounted upon the body for rotation on an axis transverse to the axis ot rotation oil" said body, means for rotating the body, an endless flexible element, one of the runs oi the said clement contacting with the periphery of the drum for rotating it, means tor actuating the said element to relatively rotate the drum and said body portion, and means directing the material between the periphery of the drum and the adjacent run of the said endless element.

10. A machine for twisting hair embodying a twister, said twister embodying a body portion rotatable on an axis extending lengthwise of the line of travel of the material through the twister, a drum like device mounted upon the body for rotation on an axis transverse to the axis of rotation of said body, means for rotating the body, an endless flexible element, one of the runs of the said element cont-acting with the periphery of the drum for rotating it, i'neans tor actuating the said element to rot-ate the drum and the said body portion, and means blowing the material between the periphery of the drum and the adjacent run of the said endless element.

11. A machine for twisting hair embodying a chamber for receiving the hair, means for delivering the material into the chamher, one of the walls of the chamber being formed by one of the runs o'li' an endless flexible traveling member, a twister, said twister embodying means for feeding the material and means for twisting the material as it is being fed therethrmigh, means for relatively actuating the feeding means with respect to the twisting means, and a blower disposed between the chamber and the twister for blowing the material into the twister, the said feeding 11 1631, embodying mechanism cooperating with the blowor for placing the strands of hair lengthwise of the general line of travel of the material.

12. A machine for twisting hair embody- Flt) Eli)

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ing a chamber for receiving the hair, a blower for delivering the material into the chamber, one of the walls of the chamber being formed by one of the runs of an endless flexible traveling member, a twister, said twister embodying means for feeding the material and means for twisting the material as it is being fed therethrough, means for actuating the feeding means with respect to the twisting means, and a blower disposed between the chamber and the twister for blowing the material into the twister, the said "feeding means embodying 'mechanism co-operating with the blower for placingthe strands of hair lengthwise of the general line of travel of the material.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, on this 5th day of November A. D. 1926.

GARRETT MUDD. 

